Endocrinology

Nanism, commonly referred to as dwarfism, is a medical condition characterized by short stature, typically resulting from genetic or medical

Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease characterized by low bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue, leading to 

1. Etiology (Causes) Myxedema is a severe form of hypothyroidism where extreme thyroid hormone deficiency causes: 2. Symptoms Classic Physical

1. Etiology (Causes) Hypogonadism occurs when the testes (in men) or ovaries (in women) produce insufficient sex hormones (testosterone/estrogen).

1. Etiology (Causes) Acromegaly is caused by excessive growth hormone (GH) production, typically from: Key Mechanism: GH overproduction → Increased

1. Etiology (Causes) Addison’s disease (primary adrenal insufficiency) occurs when the adrenal cortex is damaged, leading to deficient production

1. Etiology (Causes) Thyroiditis refers to inflammation of the thyroid gland, which can be caused by: 2. Symptoms Symptoms vary by type: Type of Thyroiditis

1. Etiology Hirsutism – excessive terminal hair growth in women following male pattern. Main causes: Hormonal (80%): Non-hormonal: 2.

1. Etiology Hypothyroidism – syndrome caused by insufficient thyroid hormone production (T3, T4). Main causes: 2. Symptoms Classic signs: Additional: 3.

1. Etiology Hyperthyroidism – syndrome caused by excessive thyroid hormone production (T3, T4). Main causes: 2. Symptoms Classic signs: Additional: 3.